Expensive Vehicles

We’ve got another great gallery of photos from Amelia Island thanks to Joe Grippo. If you missed any of our other photos, use the link below to check them all out. (Words and Photos by Joe Grippo) Over the past few weeks, we have been showing galleries of my Florida vacation photos. Drag Racing thus far had been the focus of the first half of our trip, with the Don Garlits Museum and the NHRA Baby Gators, but now we are switching it up…big time. When we started planning our winter getaway to the Sunshine State, Gainesville was the main destination, but we looked around for other stuff to do, and as luck would have it, we were going to be down there at the same time the Amelia Island Concours d’Elegance was happening. The Amelia Island event is a multiday affair with high end auctions, several different car shows and gatherings spanning almost an entire whole week. We didn’t want to give up a day at drags, so we planned to hit up the Sunday Concours at the Ritz Carlton, it was the hi

CONCORD, N.C. (April 29, 2023) – Brittany Force made the quickest run in zMAX Dragway history on Saturday, as the defending Top Fuel world champion rocketed to the No. 1 spot at the Circle K NHRA Four-Wide Nationals at zMAX Dragway.   Bob Tasca III (Funny Car), Matt Hartford (Pro Stock) and Gaige Herrera (Pro Stock Motorcycle) also qualified No. 1 at the fifth of 21 races during the 2023 NHRA Camping World Drag Racing Series season.   Force went 3.651-seconds at 336.32 mph in her 11,000-horsepower Flav-R-Pac dragster, breaking her own track record at Charlotte in the process. It gives the reigning champ her third No. 1 spot this year and the 45th in her career as she looks to pick up her first victory of the 2023 season. After struggling in the opening qualifying session, Force and her team responded with three strong runs, giving her plenty of momentum going into Sunday, where she’ll opening eliminations in a quad also featuring Doug Foley, Las Vegas four-wide winner Antron Brown

We’ve got another great gallery of photos from Amelia Island thanks to Joe Grippo. If you missed any of our other photos, use the link below to check them all out. (Words and Photos by Joe Grippo) Over the past few weeks, we have been showing galleries of my Florida vacation photos. Drag Racing thus far had been the focus of the first half of our trip, with the Don Garlits Museum and the NHRA Baby Gators, but now we are switching it up…big time. When we started planning our winter getaway to the Sunshine State, Gainesville was the main destination, but we looked around for other stuff to do, and as luck would have it, we were going to be down there at the same time the Amelia Island Concours d’Elegance was happening. The Amelia Island event is a multiday affair with high end auctions, several different car shows and gatherings spanning almost an entire whole week. We didn’t want to give up a day at drags, so we planned to hit up the Sunday Concours at the Ritz Carlton, it was the hi

Holley’s Spring Clearance Sale features all kinds of great stuff from their Frostbite brand of cooling system components. I run Frostbite in our 1,000 plus horsepower drag and drive car, daily driven street cars, and more. These are great products at great prices normally, but when the Spring Clearance Event is on you can get even better deals. Check out all the applications, from water pumps to radiators, fan and shroud packages, and even intercoolers! Regardless of what you are looking for, they have something for you. Check out the sale by clicking the photos below, these are just a taste of what is on sale now. The post Frostbite Sale: Save Big On Parts To Keep Your Hot Rod, Trucks, Or Racecar Cool! appeared first on BangShift.com . https://ift.tt/UJieybo from BangShift.com https://ift.tt/Zx7moaQ

Parts Description: Outfit your 2013-2023 1500 or 2019-2023 2500/3500 Ram Truck’s ZF 8HP-series transmission with a bigger and better transmission pan from B&M. A Hi-Tek deep transmission pan from B&M can help lower fluid temperatures and prolong the life of your transmission. Constructed from A356-T6 aluminum our Hi-Tek pans feature thick external fins for additional strength and increased cooling properties. B&M pan kits include a replacement filter, filter extension, and a drain port with a magnetic drain plug for easy, mess-free servicing. Learn More: https://www.holley.com/products/drive… https://www.holley.com/platform/ram/   The post Featured Product: Hi-Tek Deep Transmission Pans For Ram Trucks From B&M appeared first on BangShift.com . https://ift.tt/nmpHe1R from BangShift.com https://ift.tt/I9YCxo0

So, is the deal really the best deal? Is the cheaper part really the way to go? Sometimes, yes! But how about when it comes to a big block Chevrolet cylinder head comparison? We’re talking low-buck Speedmaster oval port heads, vs AFR 265 oval port heads. Which ones do you think end up being the best value? In this video from Richard Holdener, we are going find out! Video Description: HOW TO MAKE BBC POWER. PEANUT PORT VS ALUMINUM HEADS. DO CHEAP ALUMINUM BBC HEADS WORK? HOW MUCH POWER DO SPEEDMASTER BBC HEADS MAKE? CAN THE AFR 265 HEADS MAKE OVER 600 HP? DO OVAL-PORT HEADS MAKE GOOD POWER? SHOULD I SPEND MORE $ ON GOOD BBC HEADS? CHECK OUT THIS COMPARISON BETWEEN STOCK PEANUT PORT HEADS, SPEEDMASTER OVAL-PORT HEADS AND AFR 265 OVAL PORT HEADS. THE SPEDMASTER HEADS OFFERED BIGGER PORTS, BIGGER VALVES AND MORE PEAK FLOW, BUT THEY COST LESS AND MADE LESS POWER. WHICH ONE WOULD YOU PICK?   The post ARE LOW-BUCK BBC HEADS A GOOD DEAL? 1/2 THE PRICE BUT 1/2 THE HP GAINS! AFR VS SPEEDMA

This look into the No Prep racing world, through the eyes of Peter Harrell and Cleetus McFarland’s Mullet race El Camino is one you won’t see everyday. Either people don’t want to share the info because they are being secretive, or sometimes it is because they really don’t know enough about what they are talking about to actually convey it to the audience. Pete is good about this and so you’ll find this video enjoyable if you really want to see what thoughts go into it. Check it out right here as Cleetus takes on Street Car Takeover. The post Real Good At Doin’ Stuff Video: Cleetus Mcfarland Wins A No Prep Event! appeared first on BangShift.com . https://ift.tt/Mk1AKUt from BangShift.com https://ift.tt/5UPhn6b

This is the best “displacement week” of the year in our opinion. We get the click off some of the best engines the big three ever produced in this one series of days.  Other than the 426 Hemi, there is not a more mythical or vaunted cubic inch displacement than 427ci. Both Ford and Chevy slayed the competition in the 1960s with big block engines measuring out to 427ci. It would be an argument to last the ages in trying to settle which 427 is better, the Ford or the Chevy. Certainly, Ford took their platform to the technological end with the SOHC program and Chevy’s 427 has been a terror on the drag strip since the moment it rolled off of the Tonawanda assembly line in 1966. The SOHC engine that Ford built was intended for NASCAR but the sanction ankled in the rules it before ever seeing it compete. The Chevy 427 certainly lived a longer service life than the Ford variant which was phased out for the 428 by 1968. Let’s look at the Chevy first! The Mark IV 427 debuted in 1966 in Corve

The body is mostly done, the patch panels are in, the floors are done, the firewall has been setup and all kinds of stuff is getting close, but now it is time to start on suspension so that this thing can become a roller. Check it out! This project is getting nicer than he thought by the day! Well, the Model A hot rod just keeps coming along, and while we know this thing is rough and was supposed to just become a roller, it sure is turning into something cooler than we expected. What’s funny is how the entire mood of this build has changed and how much fun it is turning into. Yes, this Model A body is so rough that many folks would never build it, but we think it is the perfect car for someone who hasn’t built anything before because they won’t feel horrible if they screw up and make a mistake. And because I like the patina look, I think building something like this could be fun. Check it out and let us know what you think and if you missed the previous videos in the series you can

It had lots of broken parts, they took them out and installed new ones, and now this thing is going back into their C6 Corvette to see if it actually works. We’ve all been there, building something we’ve never built before, so let’s see how it all turns out! When Emily and Aaron bought their “new” C6 Corvette a few months ago, it was rough and ready, to say the least. This thing is NOT pretty at all, but it has some of the key features they really wanted. Now it’s time to start working on this ugly duckling and that means tearing apart several things. One of those is the rear transaxle which is not the easiest removal apparently and it fights them the entire way out of the car. Was there an easier way to do this? Apparently, Emily is wondering just that! Once they got it out, they knew there were some real problems. See how they fix them. Watch. CLICK HERE IF YOU MISSED THE FIRST VIDEO WHERE THEY BUY THIS ROUGH C6 CORVETTE The post Flying Sparks Starts Working On The Rough C6 Cor

Chad is back at it! More junkyard crawls as he scours the midwest looking for more cars and trucks to add to his awesome wrecking yard. Check out these cool finds. They may be rough, but they are cool! Video Description: I was out on the road a while back and stopped by an old friend of mine’s place. He’s not open to the public anymore, but he still lets me stop by and hang out!! If there is anything you’re interested in, he said to contact me since he is not open to the public anymore. There is a ton of cool cars in here and they are all sitting exactly where they were sat when they came in! There is a ton of variety in this yard and we see a really wide variety of cars in this video! This video has some cool stuff in it including a 56 Buick Station Wagon, a 1960 Bel Air, a Dart & a Duster, and even a Chevette!!! Let’s go check them out!! If you like old cars, trucks, and automobilia, be sure to check out all of my other videos! Please subscribe so you can keep up with the ne

We have entered a multi-day stretch of legends here and the first two we arrive at are the vaunted 426ci Max Wedge and the 426ci Chrysler Hemi. So yeah we’re talking Max Wedge and Hemi engines today. Nothing wrong with that, right? The 426 Max Wedge engine was the top of the Chrysler heap and basically lead the company’s performance efforts until the 426 Hemi was ready to be unleashed on the world. That being said, we’ll start there first and hemi a little later. Coming off the heels of the success the company had seen with the 413ci Max Wedge engine, they wanted more so that’s exactly what they got in 1963. The company decided to increase the bore and stroke to 4.25×3.75 respectively. That was basically the only change over the 1962 version of the engine. The heads were the same and internally the materials and other things like the camshaft were tweaked but largely the same. Offered in a 415hp version that had 11.0:1 compression and a full-competition 425hp version with a titanic 13

So here’s the scenario… You go to rotate the tires on your car, or truck, or your wife’s car or truck, and you find that one lug nut won’t come off. Like any good mechanic, you get your most bad ass impact gun out and let’er eat. In doing so the thing starts spinning and you think you’ve won. You think this until you realize that all you have done is strip the stud out in the hub behind the wheel. Ooops.  So what do you do? In some cases, you can get to the stud on the back of the hub. In those cases you can sometimes get to the back of the stud to either put a wrench on it if it has a hex, or to weld a nut to it in order to keep the stud from spinning. But what if you can’t get to the back of the stud? What choices do you have to fix it? In this video, you’ll see one man’s struggle to get this thing apart. Watch, and feel free to judge him, but know that this could be you. The post Spinning Wheel Stud & Seized Lug? What Would You Do? appeared first on BangShift.com . https

Big Money Bracket Racing LIVE!!! That’s right, it is Spring Fling time and that means some of the hottest bracket racers in the country are going to be battling it out for big money at Galot where the Spring Fling is going on this weekend. Racing action starts tuesday, right here and we’ll have all the action for you all the way through Saturday. Video Description: This is the race that started the Fling legacy so many years ago. Racers know it’s one of the most unique events they can attend and has become a bucket list item for drag racers wide and far! You have to race it to experience it. The post FREE LIVESTREAM: The Spring Fling GALOT LIVE All Week Long! appeared first on BangShift.com . https://ift.tt/eDV0a8Z from BangShift.com https://ift.tt/XdLRDZ0

Internal combustion engines have evolved a lot since the 1950s but there are certain things that are still the same. The fact that every engine going down the road has main bearings, and rod bearings with those bearings being vital to the life of the engine is exactly the same as it was all those years ago. Bearing technology has changed but their job is the same and this film called Clevite Clinic Is An Awesome 1950s Film About Bearings. The old school nature of the film makes it fun but the reality is that the information in it is still valuable. There’s lots of neat stuff that can be applied to this moment about how to read bearings, mistakes you can make in installing them, and what the engine is trying to tell you when there is a problem. Yes, we know that stuff is more precisely machined, the materials are different, the clearances are tighter and, that engines today are more advanced but if you are pulling down a junkyard LS and trying to see what the bearings are telling you,

We have plenty of days with two engines but there are very few with three engines to highlight during the months of March and April. This is one of them and we’re talking Buick, Olds and Cadillac. There’s the stout 425ci Buick nailhead, the even badder-asser Olds 425 engine that was one of the hidden gems of the muscle car era, and the Caddy 425 that wasn’t. Three V8s that need some love. We’re going to take these three engines from the least power to the most. That means the Caddy is up first. Like many of the engines we have showed you over the last month or two, the Cadillac 425 did not have a very long shelf-life. Introduced in 1977 and discontinued in 1979 the sole purpose of the V8 was to increase fuel economy from the dismal levels delivered by the mighty 500 that preceded it. Using the same basic architecture as the 500 and the same stroke, the 425’s 4.08 bore was the part that shrunk. As a performer the engine was on the leading edge of its day in the dark edges of the late 1

Dual Sniper throttle bodies baby! We have a friend that did this on a big block and loves it, and I’m sure this one is just as awesome! It started out as less car than he thought it was, but that just means the progress on this thing is sort of fluid. And so is the plan for it, which is why the thing is now a gasser! Just look at it now. DD Speed Shop has no shortage of project cars and somehow this one was completely forgotten. I don’t know how that’s possible, but man I’m glad they have such cool ones to remember, like this 1955 Nomad. Check it out and see what’s coming next right here! Video Description: Today we get back on our 1955 Chevy Nomad. Where we left off last… was a little problem with the throw out bearing. Luckily American Powertrain took care of me and had one sent out with over night shipping. With the motor and trans slipped back in the car we can finally start re assembly. Next the front clip goes on, clutch pedal can be installed, fender well header AND we pick

If Jefferson ever buys a car that makes sense to me, I’m going to question whether or not I’ve lost my mind or he’s finally come back from the dark side. He has a penchant for finding the least practical projects, which I myself have been guilty of on occasion, but he doesn’t just pick things that will be a ton of work but also things that will make most people scratch their heads as to why. So you can imagine that when he decided to choose a little British car and wanted to actually make it work in stock form, there was some head scratching. After all, these little cars are known for having issues in the first place despite having some parts that are super durable. But he’s a glutton for punishment, and we can’t argue with having some fun hauling ass around the family dirt track in it. So watch, enjoy, and soon we’ll share the next step in the build. Video Description: We bought a 1967 MGB GT off Facebook for $2k. The seller guaranteed it ran, but we couldn’t get it started on the

Here it is, the test to end all camshaft tests, or so it seems anyway. Richard has tested more camshafts in junkyard 5.3’s than most anyone on the planet, even more than MANY camshaft companies, and here is the results of some of that testing. If you are buying, or have already bought a junkyard 5.3 and you want to make more power with it then this is the video for you. Check it out. Video Description: CHEAP, JUNKYARD 5.3L CAM TECH! HOW MUCH POWER IS A CAM WORTH? HOW MUCH POWER WILL MY CAM MAKE? WHAT IS THE BEST LS CAM? WHAT IS THE MOST POWERFUL LS CAM? HOW BIG OF A CAM CAN I RUN IN MY JUNKYAD 5.3L? CAN I RUN A .600-LIFT CAM? HOW MUCH DURATION CAN I RUN? IF YOU WANT TO KNOW HOW MUCH POWER YOUR LS CAM WILL MAKE-CHECK OUT THIS VIDEO WHERE I RAN 8 DIFFERENT CAMS ON A 5.3L. STARTING WITH THE STOCK CAM, I RAN 7 OTHER CAMS STEPPING UP IN STAGES FROM 200 DEGREES OF INTAKE DURATION TO 234-DEGREES OF DURATION (NEAR THE BIGGEST THAT WILL FIT) TO ILLUSTRATE HOW MUCH POWER EACH STEP IS WORTH! WA

Many older “future cars” fall under the loose category of “Xanadu: Home of The Future”. They were filled with wacky ideas that just never panned out but seemed like a sure bet while “looking forward”. Then there are others that not only got it right, they got it right with a kind of freaky crystal ball accuracy it is hard to believe. The machine below, the 1987 Pontiac Pursuit prototype has a load of ideas and concepts that not only came to fruition but are major parts of the motoring culture today. Watch this video and for starters we can see a lot of the GM EV1 shape and the later shape of early Saturn cars in this Pursuit. The use of “drive by wire” electric steering, the use of four wheel steering, the yoke style wheel (hello, Tesla) with loads of integrated gauges, all the nicely animated digital gauges, and the integration of GPS although not called GPS is pretty wild for 1987. As we all know, the “Year 2000” was a huge deal for futuristic stuff and the reference to it here is k

Traditional hot rods are where everything we do ultimately came from. While hot rodding may find a lot of its roots on the west coast, the east coast was super influential in the hot rodding and custom car culture as well. And while there are a ton of things that you will find to be more “east coast” vs “west coast”, once you see them you’ll recognize one over the other right away. In this video here, Matt from Iron Trap Garage is going to use one of his personal hot rods to give the lesson on what makes an east coast hot rod an east coast hot rod. One of the biggest differences is the channeling that was done on these cars, and I love it. On the west coast they tended to chop the top and on the east coast they tended to cut out the floor and channel them. One thing I’ve never heard anyone talk about is the fact that this may have been more out of necessity than one might think. I mean, wouldn’t these east coast cars have had rust issues that would have been easier to just cut out? Hm

How many times have you seen a hot rod, custom, or race car and thought “man, they sure chose the wrong hood scoop”? I know, it happens all the time. Nowadays hood bulges are the same. With so many swaps going on there are lots of engines and engine components that just don’t quite fit under the hood. So how do you design and fabricate your own hood bulge? On the Alfarrari project you are going to see the process in the videos below, including bracing the bottom of the hood to make it all strong. There is so much going into building this little hot rod, and every single part of it is custom. After all, there are no kits to do this kind of thing so you have to build it all yourself if you want to do it right. Watch and be inspired to get out and do more in your garage. This is a little car, and it still has lots of little things to fix on it, but Jeff is surely knocking them out. I am really digging this one and can’t wait to see how it all turns out. I found this project on YouTube

We’ve had so many shows and races featured here on the site this week, so I figured that on this cold and lazy Sunday I’d share all the events right here in one place for you to see if you missed any. Amelia Island Concourse d’Elegance: Classics, Customs, Exotics, And So Much More On Display! The Race Of Gentleman: Vintage Hot Rod Drag Racing From FlaBob Airfield In Riverside California Goodguys Del Mar Car Show Photos: More Hot Rod Fun In The Sun In SoCal PDRA East Coast Nationals Action Photos: Our Galleries From GALOT Just Keep Coming NHRA Baby Gators Photos: Awesome Sportsman Drag Racing From Grippo Indianapolis World Of Wheels Car Show Photos: Another Great Midwest Car Show   The post Car Show And Racing Photos: Take A Look At All The Shows And Races We Featured This Week! appeared first on BangShift.com . https://ift.tt/vVsH9B2 from BangShift.com https://ift.tt/7Yw3gWF

In Part 2 of the Power Hammer build, Karl gets his fabrication on building the dies for his new power hammer build. If you missed Part 1, use the link below to check it out too! He’s an expert in metal shaping, spends tons of time teaching how to shape metal in his videos, and now he’s showing how to make your own power hammer at home with scrap steel. This is a tool that can be a real asset in shaping panels, and if you have ever watched a power hammer, or Pullmax being used, then you know what it is capable of. I love shop made tool, whether they are hand tools, power tools like this, or anything in between. When you make your own tool, to solve your own problem, it is something special because everytime you use it you know you made the thing that is helping you make more things. I love that. So check it out, and tell us what you think. Would you build one for yourself? CLICK HERE TO SEE PART 1 of the Build. The post Build a Metal Shaping POWER HAMMER From Scrap Metal: Part 2-M

Gotta Mod Motor in your ride? Want one from the junkyard? Which blower should you bolt to it to make real power? Or does boost work regardless? In this latest video from Richard Holdener you are going to see what kind of power a junkyard 2v 4.6 mod motor can make with both a Vortech and a Kenne Belle. Centrifugal vs twin screw style, this is going to be good. Video Description: WHAT IS THE BEST WAY TO MAKE POWER WITH YOUR 4.6L OR 5.4L 2-VALVE FORD? EASY, JUST ADD BOOST, BUT WHAT KIND OF BOOST? WHAT MAKLE MORE POWER, A VORTECH CENTRIFUGAL SUPERCHARGER OR A KENNE BELL TWIN-SCREW SUPERCHARGER? HOW MUCH BOOST CAN I RUN? HOW MUCH POWER CAN I MAKE? WILL MY 4.6L MOTOR BREAK? WHAT CAMS SHOULD I RUN FOR BOOST? WILL PORTED CYLINDER HEADS HELP? CHECK OUT THIS VIDEO WHERE I COVER THE NA BUILD UP OF THE 1998 NON-PI MOTOR WITH PORTED PI HEADS, COMP CAMS AND A PI INTAKE, THE ADD BOOST FROM A KENN BELL TWIN-SCREW BLOWER AND FROM A VORTECH CENTRIFUGAL SUPERCHARGER. WHICH WOULD YOU CHOOSE? The post

I’ve been super critical of 4.5-inch cordless angle grinders, even though I’m a big fan of most cordless tools, but I’ve come around a bit. Not all the way, but a bit, and here’s why. I used to build metal fences, gates, doors, etc, and would use a 4.5-inch grinder for hours per day. Not 5 minutes at a time, but rather for hours at a time when prepping materials, doing cleanups, paint prep, etc. No 4.5-inch cordless grinder, regardless of battery and brand, makes sense for that kind of work. It just doesn’t. But if you are a person who is only using a 4.5-inch grinder for a few minutes at a time, then maybe a cordless 4.5-inch angle grinder could be right for you. In the video below, the Torque Test Channel puts the best selling Milwaukee corded grinder up against a Harbor Freight corded, and two cordless models as well. In the test, run time is also included, so you can see just how long one would really last for your typical use in your garage. For me, I might buy a cordless 4.5″ a

When it comes time to add real power to your late model Coil On Plug, or Coil Near Plug, engine an upgrade can sometimes feel daunting. It’s not like the “old days” when you bought a single MSD Blaster 2 coil and a set of plug wires. Or is it? I bring this up because on more than one occasion I’ve heard someone complain about having to buy a set of high-powered aftermarket coils and use the same comparison. But it really isn’t a fair one since that “old days” purchase would have also required a new MSD distributor in order to be a real comparision with today’s ignition coil upgrade. After all, the computer is doing all the work that a traditional distributor would have done before. So get your upgrade on and buy a set of new MSD coils for your Godzilla if you are going to add boost, nitrous, compression, or all three! Here are the newest offerings from MSD for all of you Ford guys! CLICK HERE TO SEE THEM ALL   The post New Product: MSD Ford 7.3-liter Godzilla and 2.0-liter EcoBoos

(Photos by Wes Allison)  Our Race of Gentlemen photos just keep coming and man are they awesome. Seriously, this is one of the coolest events of the year and if you haven’t looked at these photos then you are missing out. With amazing cars, an amazing location, and historic planes in the background, it just doesn’t get better. This really does look like something out of a movie, and Wes has once again killed it on the coverage. If you haven’t been to a Race of Gentlemen event or seen coverage from one, you are missing out. These events are seriously rad because of the period-correct rides, the laid-back attitude of the events themselves, and the competition that is as fun as any you’ll find anywhere. This particular TROG event was at FlaBob airfield in Riverside and the entire look of the event was perfect. Our own Wes Allison headed out and got spectacular event photos from this place like you will never see anywhere else. It truly looks like you have stepped back in time and we love

We all know that Richard has tested junkyard big blocks of all kinds, from various generations of the venerable 454 7.4L, to the newer 8.1L 496. He’s tested them all stock, with camshafts and other upgrades, switching from EFI to Carbs and vice versa, and has also put them all under boost to see just how much power they make. I’m looking at needing a new engine for my 1987 Chevrolet R30 Dually and I’ve been debating about getting an 8.1 to shove in it, so all these torque and power comparisons are super important to me right now. So check it out and let us know which engine you’d buy for your project. Video Description: HOW CAN I MAKE MORE CHEAP BBC PULLING POWER? WILL A CAM IMPROVE TORQUE FOR TOWING? WHICH BBC IS BETTER FOR TOWING? WHICH BBC HAS MORE PULLING POWER? IS THE GEN-7 8.1L AN LS MOTOR? HOW MUCH POWER DOES A JUNKYAD BBC MAKE? IS THE GEN 7 BETTER THAN THE GEN 6? CHECK OUT THIS VIDEO WHERE I RAN A JUNKYARD GEN-6 454 IN STOCK AND MODIFIED TRIM AFTER INSTALLATION OF A MILD CAM